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Distribution and Migration of the Adults of the eastern subspecies migrate across northeastern Canada and then, by a nonstop flight, reach South America. In the spring they return by way of the Mississippi Valley. The entire route therefore, is in the form a great ellipse with a major axis of 8,000 miles and a minor axis of about 2,000 miles. The western subspecies migrates across the Pacific Ocean to various localities including the Hawaiian and Marquesas islands and Low Archipelago. Breeding
Range - Western Subspecies Reference: Migration of Birds, Circular 16. 1998. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Dept. of Interior, Washington, DC. Illustrated by Bob Hines. |
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